TFS is not accessible "from outside"

I have TFS 12 installed on Windows Server 2008 R2. It was working properly until yesterday.

TFS stopped being accessible from my local machine. The main symptoms are:
1. I can view http://siteUrl:8080/tfs at server, but I can't do that on my local machine.
2. I can view SharePoint sites for all the projects at both machines. (http://siteUrl/SomeCollection/SomeSite)
3. I can ping the server from my local machine.

What I did before the problem started to appear (at the server side):
1. I was playing with one site placed at IIS (Site is bound to port 88). To be exact, I've installed Web Deploy (msdeploy) and configured deployment for the site. 
2. I've shared a folder for 1 specific user.

For now, I've turned off the Firewall. And I can access the site. But I want to fix a cause of a problem. Does anyone knows, what could happen to the server?